Learn OpenGL with Python for Graphics and Games
- Descrição
- Currículo
- FAQ
- Revisões
Why should you learn OpenGL? (a) It’s one of the original graphics libraries developed to be implemented mostly (or entirely) on hardware. (b) A knowledge about OpenGL will reveal to you what goes on in the background of other graphic and game engines giving you superior problem-solving and trouble-shooting skills in other applications (c) It will improve your understanding of 3D mathematics, and (d) It brings vertex shader programming to the forefront of developing computer graphics applications delivering you a higher level of skill in creating fast GPU-based parallel-processed 2D and 3D graphics.
Designed for INTERMEDIATE level students with a working knowledge of programming, the content in this course will take you step-by-step through the setup of Python, Pygame, and PyOpenG and the development of a generalised 3D graphics engine designed on the fly (as the course progresses), to focus on adding the required functionality as each fundamental concept in computer graphics generation, mathematics, and rendering is revealed.
You will learn about:
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The Pycharm Development Environment.
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The Pygame API, which is an interface for OpenGL.
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PyOpenGL, a python wrapper for the OpenGL API.
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Coordinate systems in orthogonal, perspective, screen space, and camera space.
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Moving a virtual camera.
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Constructing 3D graphics using vertex shaders.
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Vertex Colouring.
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Lighting.
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Essential mathematics for working with 3D space and positioning vertices with a variety of 4×4 viewing matrices.
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Working with 3D OBJ model files.
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UV mapping and texturing of meshes.
What people are saying about Penny’s courses:
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Once again Penny delivers a powerful, clear, and worthy course. I believe this material will be very helpful in understanding the underlying workings of many game engines. It is also something a bit different that will allow me to work on my python skills having some fun by making games. She is very clear in her instruction, very knowledgeable and of course delivers easy to follow and understand information that you can easily pick up and learn.
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Allow me to say how hugely important this is for a person who is interested in certain types of game design. Creating games where you can create AI behaviors that support emergent situations.
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I honestly love Holistic’s teaching approach and I’ve never learned so much within a few hours about coding effectively with such detailed explanations!
This course focuses on providing students with hands-on experience coding a general 3D graphics engine using PyOpenGL, while also providing an easy introduction to Python for the intermediate programmer.
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1
WelcomeIn this lecture, Penny will welcome you to the course and provide and overview of the content and her motivation behind creating it.
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2
Join the H3D Student Community
This video will give you all the information you need to get in touch with the Holistic3D student community.
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3
Contacting H3DHow to contact us
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4
Three Dimensions, Vectors and Cartesian Coordinates
This video provides a revision of the concepts of vectors and the Cartesian plane.
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5
Representing Colour
This video provides an overview of colour and how it is used in computer graphics. It focusses on how colours are mixed and stored in memory.
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6
FAQs
Important Reading on Common Issues students have and how to ask for help.
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7
Integrated Development Environment Setup
In this lecture students will learn how to install Python and setup a development environment with PyCharm and PyOpenGL
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8
Testing OpenGL in PyCharm
In this lecture students will test run an already written PyOpenGL application to test the setup of their IDE.
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9
Introducing Pygame
In this lecture students will create their first Pygame window, discover why a main endless loop is required and the double buffer.
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10
OpenGL Programming Basics
In this lecture students will learn about the basic structure of an OpenGL program and develop the start of a simple drawing application in Python.
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11
Plotting Star Signs
In this lecture students will discover how to plot their star sign in a window, investigate point sizes and explore setting the scale and direction of window coordinates.
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12
Points and Plotting Functions
In this lecture students will learn how to use dots to plot a graph of a mathematical equation in a window.
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13
Plotting Points with a Mouse
In this lecture students will learn how to plot a point at the position of the mouse when the mouse is clicked.
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14
Mapping Values Between Coordinate Systems
In this lecture students will learn how scale values between coordinate systems.
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15
Drawing Lines Part 1
In this lecture students will learn how to draw lines on the screen and use the mouse to define where they are drawn.
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16
Drawing Lines Part 2
In this lecture students will learn how to draw multiple lines on the screen using the mouse.
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17
Drawing a Graph with Lines
In this lecture students will learn how to plot a graph of an equation using lines.
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18
Saving a Line Graph to a Data File
In this lecture students will learn how to save the data from a line drawing to a file.
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19
Loading a Line from a Data File
In this lecture students will learn how to load saved data from a file to display a drawing on the screen.
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20
Polygons
In this lecture students will examine the drawing of polygons.
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21
Programming a Turtle
In this lecture students will learn what turtle graphics is and begin writing their own turtle drawing code.
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22
Rotating and Moving the Turtle
In this lecture students will learn how to move and rotate the turtle on the screen and how to produce some interesting drawing effects.
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23
Lindenmayer Systems
In this lecture students will learn what l-systems are and how to create a string rewriting function to process them.
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24
Drawing an L-System
In this lecture students will complete the code for a turtle graphics generator that draws l-systems.
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25
Iterative Function Systems Part 1
In this lecture students will learn about a repetitive point plotting systems that can produce fractal images.
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26
Iterative Function Systems Part 2
In this lecture students will learn how an iterative function system rule is formed and be challenged to try a different set of IFS values.
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27
The Structure of a Mesh
In this lecture students will create their own mesh class after learning about the data structures involved in defining a mesh.
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28
Creating a Cube Class
In this lecture students will learn how to extend the Mesh class to draw a cube and change it from a wireframe drawing into a solid.
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29
Loading a Mesh from a File
In this lecture students will learn how to load an OBJ mesh file into their project and extract the vertices and triangles.
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30
Displaying a Loaded Mesh
In this lecture students will learn how to display a loaded mesh in OpenGL and position it for viewing in the window.
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31
Coordinate Spaces
In this lecture students will gain an overview of the transformations that take place to calculate pixel locations for drawing objects on the screen from their initial vertex values.
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32
Setting Viewing Transformations
In this lecture students will learn how to apply transformations to objects.
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33
Moving and Aiming the Camera
In this lecture students will learn how to move and aim the camera to obtain a different view of the scene.
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34
Live Camera Moving
In this lecture students will begin creating a Camera class and learn how to program the camera to move from side to side with the arrow keys.
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35
Live Camera Rotating
In this lecture students will learn how to rotate the camera using the mouse.
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36
Mouse Movement Sensitivity
In this lecture students will learn how to set the mouse sensitivity as well as turn the mouse cursor on and off.
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37
Visualising World Orientation
In this lecture students will learn how to add a world axis system into the project to give object placement a reference point.
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38
The Elementary Transformations
In this lecture students will gain an overview of the types of transformations.
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39
Let's Talk about Matrices
In this lecture students will revise the concept of matrices and how to perform operations with them.
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40
Matrices in Transformation
In this lecture students will examine the nature of 4x4 matrices for performing transformations in computer graphics.
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41
Translation
In this lecture students will learn how to apply glTranslate to move the position of an object.
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42
Mesh Translations
In this lecture students will work to restructure the Mesh class and allow meshes to store their own position in world space.
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43
Translating on the Fly
In this lecture students will learn how to use the same cube object and draw it in different locations.
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44
Rotation
In this lecture students will learn how to rotate and object and how the effect of performing different transformations in a different order will effect the final drawing.
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45
Mesh Rotations
In this lecture students will learn how to modify the mesh class to accept a rotational value that will work locally with a mesh.
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46
Scaling
In this lecture students will learn how scaling affects other transformations and build them scaling into the mesh class.
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47
Properties of Affine Transformations
In this lecture students will learn the reasons why affine transformations work so well in computer graphics.
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48
Refactoring for Flexibility
In this lecture students will begin creating a new graphics engine by refactoring the code experimented with thus far.
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49
Testing the Engine Foundation
In this lecture we will create an application that inherits from the PyOGLApp class to test for functionality.
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50
OpenGL Shader Language
In this lecture students will learn about the OpenGL Shader Language
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51
Shader Datatypes
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52
Temp Fix for next Lecture
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53
Compiling Shader Code
In this video students will learn how OpenGL compiles vertex and fragment shader code and links it to a program.
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54
My First Vertex Shader Part 1
In this lecture students will begin writing their first vertex shader program in OpenGL.
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55
My First Vertex Shader Part 2
In this lecture students will complete their first vertex shader application.
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56
Working with Multiple Vertices
In this lecture students will learn how to pass multiple vertices to a vertex shader.
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57
Working with Multiple Colours
In this lecture students will learn how to pass through a second set of values to a vertex shader to use as vertex colours.
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58
Bringing back the Mesh
In this lecture students will create a new Mesh class and inherit from it to create a Square. These new classes will perform all the buffer registrations required for drawing by the vertex shader.
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59
Passing Uniforms
In this lecture students will learn how to incorporate uniform values into a vertex shader to reposition a shape.
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60
Matrices for Transformations
In this lecture students will begin writing transformation utility methods to store the position, scale and rotation of objects and the camera.
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61
Performing Transformations
In this lecture students will learn how to apply matrix operations to the current transforms of 3d objects.
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62
The Perspective Matrix
In this lecture students will learn how a perspective matrix is constructed.
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63
A New Camera
In this lecture students will modify the old camera code to now use new matrix multiplication.
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Working with Projection and Modelviews in Vertex Shaders
In this lecture students will learn how to integrate the projection and lookout matrices stored with the camera into the vertex shader.
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Adding Transformations to Meshes
In this lecture students will finally get the new camera system working after adding transformations to the mesh class.
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Create World Axes with Vertex Shaders
In this lecture students will learn how to add world axes back into the scene using vertex shaders.
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Adjusting for Unwanted Camera Roll
In this lecture students will learn how to use local and world rotations to fix unwanted camera roll when yawing and pitching.
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Restricting Pitch Angles
In this lecture students will learn how to limit the pitch angle of the camera to prevent gimbal lock.
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Creating a 3D Object
In this lecture students will learn how to rewrite the old cube class to work with vertex shaders.
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70
Loading an OBJ File
In this lecture students will learn how to reconfigure the code in the LoadMesh class to bring an OBJ model into the Vertex Shader code format.
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71
Reapplying Scaling and Rotation
In this lecture students will learn how to reimplement scaling into the transformation matrix.
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72
Rotations, rotations and more rotations
In this lecture students will learn how to rotate an object around any axis and integrate the calculations into the transformations class.
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73
Animating with Transformations
In this lecture students will learn how to modify and apply transformations at runtime to create animated effects.
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Transforming All Meshes
In this lecture students will learn how to add the live rotation code the existing base mesh class without disrupting the remaining child classes built from it.
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75
Translating and Scaling in Realtime
In this lecture students will add realtime scaling and translation to the mesh class.
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76
Normals
In this lecture students will learn about the importance of normals in graphics calculations for lighting.
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77
Loading Vertex Normals and UVs
In this lecture students will modify the loading mesh method to read in the normals and texture coordinates from an OBJ file.
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78
Adding Lights to Vertex Shaders
In this lecture students will learn how to add a basic diffuse light to the vertex shaders.
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79
Passing Vertex Normals
In this lecture students will learn how to pass the vertex normals to the vertex shader to light a 3D model. In addition they will explore how to add a light to the position of the camera.
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80
Ambient, Diffuse and Specular Lights
In this lecture students will learn how to produce a light that combines, ambient, diffuse and specular.
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81
More on Specular Lights
In this lecture students will learn how to position the light and camera at different locations to get a better view of specular light effects.
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82
Multiple Light Sources Part 1
In this lecture students will learn how to restructure the shader code to accept an array of uniform values in the format of light positions.
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83
Multiple Light Sources Part 2
In this lecture students will complete creating multiple lights and then examine how to use structures in vertex shaders.
